If there's been one immutable rule all over American television record, it's been area news. Just about from The instant the station initial signed on air, they started carrying area news where sports activities normally performed a major position. An absence of dependable programming sources in these early a long time led quite a few stations to show to sporting activities to fill their broadcasting schedules. New York's WNBT television signed on to broadcast in July 1941, and its 1st broadcast was knowledgeable baseball sport ("NBC Historical past", 2003). When producing area newscasts to suit their audience, these stations usually incorporated athletics and weather conditions. Such as, in 1961 WKMG started its initial complete-time news Division in Orlando. Newscasts contain Frank Vaught's sports activities studies ("The historical past of," 2003).
Athletics have held a dominant placement in regional information broadcasting for many several years, but modern sector tendencies have named into concern this placement. Segmented audiences, shifting demographics, and declining news profitability have forced the station to reexamine its local sporting activities phase. “Athletics has become the very last regions of Television where people do issues the way they normally have,” suggests tv executive Elliott Wiser. “(Today) a different technique is needed” (Deggans, 2000).
Problem for Area Tv set News
미국인들에게 뉴스의 주요 제공자로서 텔레비전의 패권을 위협하는 몇 가지 요인이 결합되었습니다. Project for Excellence in Journalism(2002)에서 수행한 연구에 따르면 텔레비전 뉴스 방송이 시청자를 잃고 있습니다. 1998년에는 방송국의 two/3가 지역 뉴스 방송 시청률이 감소했다고 보고했습니다. 2002년까지 그 수치는 seventy six%로 증가했습니다. 2001년 9월 테러 이후에도 지역 뉴스 시청률은 seven% 떨어졌다.
인터넷, 케이블 채널 및 가정용 위성과 같은 미디어 소스의 출현은 시청자에게 뉴스 대안을 제공했습니다. Radio and tv News Director’s Affiliation(“Modifying channels”, 1996)의 연구에 따르면, “대중의 상당 부분이 정기적으로 다른 다양한 소스에 귀를 기울입니다.”
점점 더 많은 방송국이 대형 미디어 회사에 의해 통제됨에 따라 지역 텔레비전 뉴스도 수익 지향적이 되었습니다. 예를 들어, 2002년 첫 몇 주 동안 세 개의 방송국 그룹은 자회사 방송국에서 지역 뉴스를 완전히 제거하기로 결정했습니다(Trigoboff, 2002). TV 뉴스 컨설턴트인 짐 윌리는 "대혁명이 일어날 것 같다"고 말했다. "같은 시장에서 동시에 four~5개의 뉴스 방송을 해야 합니까?" (Trigoboff, 2002).
Challenge for Nearby Television set Sports activities
None of the is Excellent news for the regional television athletics sector, that is significantly beneath scrutiny from station execs. Despite its regular presence in nearby newscasts, athletics have lengthy been viewed as a "tuning" aspect. As outlined by a survey with the Radio and tv News Administrators Basis, only 31% of viewers stated they ended up 'very intrigued' in sporting activities and 32% had been 'considerably fascinated' ("Journalism and Ethics", 1998). This compares to 72% who expressed curiosity during the weather. "Athletics are 스포츠중계 very polarizing." explained tv information advisor Brent Magid. “The majority can acknowledge, go away, or despise” (Greppi, 2002).
Research have proven that Women of all ages are far considerably less serious about sports than Guys (Gantz and Wenner, 1991; Perse, 1992), and several stations have acted appropriately. In 2000, Tampa's WTSP dropped the sport from its early evening newscasts. In line with station information director Jim Church, "Telling a Tale when no one is listening just isn't a superb usage of air time" (Deggans, 2000).
Some stations have removed the Activity, while others have decreased their allotted time. With regards to the working day with the 7 days (weekends have more sports time), sports activities segments have usually gained involving a few and 5 minutes of area information protection. Given that selection is all the way down to a few moment. In 2002, Pittsburgh's KDKA Minimize enough time for athletics by just 3 plus a fifty percent minutes for three hours of stories. Many others during the field have executed new techniques, for instance athletics stories that concentrate more on people today than scores or cater to the broader news audience. "What we're trying to do now could be handle sports activities as information," claims KDKA news director Al Blinke. “We wish to do a thing over and above sports activities” (Finder, 2002).
Dialogue
스포츠 부문에서 일어나고 있는 변화는 시간 할당보다 콘텐츠, 스타일 및 프레젠테이션과 더 관련이 있습니다. 아마도 시청자에게 모든 스포츠 네트워크와 대조되는 것을 제공하기 위한 노력의 일환으로, 지역 Tv set 스포츠는 지역 이야기, 운동 선수 및 이벤트에 더 초점을 맞추고 있으며 일반 스포츠 팬을 위해 보다 기능 지향적이고 시청자 친화적인 보도를 만들고 있습니다. 전형적인 반응은 Midwest의 뉴스 디렉터가 “우리는 스포츠가 비스포츠 팬들에게 흥미로웠으면 합니다. 여기서 스포츠는 뉴스이고 커뮤니티입니다. 많은 케이블 스포츠 채널이 제공하는 것과는 반대로 시청자에게 지역 정보를 제공하십시오. 우리만이 현지에 갈 수 있습니다. 그들은 할 수 없습니다.”
지역 텔레비전 스포츠의 미래에 대해 뉴스 감독들은 이 연구에 대해 지금과 가까운 미래의 두 가지 뚜렷한 시간 프레임을 제안하는 더 비관적이었고, 지역 텔레비전 스포츠는 안전해 보이지만 뉴스 감독들은 그것을 매우 짧은 기간에 묶었습니다. 한 뉴스 디렉터는 이렇게 말했습니다. 지금은 하기 싫지만 앞으로는 할 수 있을 것”이라고 말했다.
Implications
Alterations in nearby sporting activities could possibly be a reflection with the remarkable upheaval going on in the course of broadcast news. Should the athletics sector is no longer Safe and sound, what about other information components? CBS Team News Vice chairman Joel Cheatwood (Trigoboff, 2002) said, “[All this] forces us to reexamine the [information] design.”
On a far more instant stage, modifications during the neighborhood sporting activities sector immediately have an affect on 1000s of aspiring sportscasters. Stations that are minimizing their determination to sports activities are decreasing their athletics workforce levels, which impacts the job current market. Another news director explained, "[Sporting activities on newscasts] is dying." “We went from two total-time sportsmen to 1 comprehensive-time, a single in command of the information three days every week, and it had been a struggle to remain there.”
Equally crucial, improvements in just how sports are presented are forcing sports activities broadcasters to know new solutions. No longer can sportscasters give attention to scoring. They've got for making the presentation extra engaging for regular admirers. This is also critical for journalism educational facilities across the nation, which need to document what stations want within the sports activities sector and update their instruction curricula.
Will these alterations operate or persist? Athletics journalist Chuck Finder (2002) commented to the transform in KDKA, “Enable’s reserve closing judgment right until September, in the event the Steelers, faculty, and highschool soccer seasons get started in earnest. Then the station is going to be . There exists an error in clock management.”